Mount Everest

The Sherpa advantage on Mount Everest is not just more blood. Many people adapt to altitude by making extra red cells, but Sherpas can have lower hemoglobin while their muscle mitochondria use oxygen more efficiently — a result of long evolution.

The point farthest from Earth's centre isn't Everest but Ecuador's Chimborazo. Earth's spin bulges the equator, pushing sea level there ~22 km farther out than at the poles. Although Chimborazo stands 2,585 m lower than Everest, its summit sits 2.1 km farther from the centre.