Neanderthal
An archaic human population that lived in Europe and western Asia from roughly 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals interbred with modern humans, leaving genetic traces in many people today.
Between 1–4% of modern human genes came from Neanderthals. These include the SLC16A11 gene linked to obesity and diabetes, as well as hair loss genes. The Khoisan people of southern Africa, who had no contact with Neanderthals, carry almost none of these genes.
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