During World War II, the Japanese Empire devised the "Fugu Plan" to resettle Jewish immigrants in Manchuria, hoping their capital would develop the region. In reality, most who arrived were impoverished refugees, and the plan failed.
In 1903, Britain proposed that Jewish settlers establish a state in East Africa (present-day Kenya)—the Uganda Scheme. The Zionist Congress rejected the offer in 1905, and Israel was ultimately founded in the Middle East.