Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach lining. It is a major cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers and can increase the risk of stomach cancer.
In 1984, Barry Marshall drank Helicobacter pylori culture to prove bacteria caused stomach ulcers after medicine dismissed the idea. He developed gastritis within days, cured himself with antibiotics, and shared the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Robin Warren.
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